AAOS Now tests your knowledge of orthopaedic trivia. Take a minute and see how well you know your orthopaedic trivia—but don’t peek at the answers!

1. Which orthopedic surgeon won the Nobel Prize for Medicine?
1. Robert Salter
2. Frederick Banting
3. John Charnley
4. Marius Smith-Petersen
5. Sterling Bunnell
2. X-rays dramatically changed the practice of orthopaedic surgery. What year did Wilhem Röntgen produce the first x-rays?
1. 1875
2. 1885
3. 1895
4. 1905
5. 1915
3. Where would you look for the Hawkins sign to determine the possibility of osteonecrosis after fracture?
1. Hip
2. Knee
3. Ankle
4. Wrist
5. Elbow
4. Who first described Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease?
1. Arthur Legg
2. Jacques Calvé
3. Georg Perthes
4. H. Waldenström
5. Karel Maydl
5. In 1974, the New York Times reported in its Patents of the Week a new diagnostic method called “nuclear magnetic resonance.” What disease or condition was this new method purported to identify?
1. Osteoporosis
2. Cancer
3. Heart disease
4. Diabetes
5. Infertility

If you have orthopaedic trivia you think would be of interest to AAOS Now readers, email it to aaoscomm@aaos.org; fax to 847-823-8033; or mail to Orthopaedic Trivia—AAOS Now, 6300 N. River Rd., Rosemont, Ill. 60018-4262.

Answers
1-B Frederick Banting shared the 1923 Nobel Prize in Medicine with John James Rickard Macleod for his role in the discovery of insulin. Banting studied orthopedics and was a resident at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario 1919-1920.

2-C. Röntgen produced the first X-rays in 1895.

3-A. The Hawkins sign is a subchondral radiolucent band in the dome of the talus. The absence of the Hawkins sign indicates a lack of revascularization of the talar after fracture of the talus.

4-E. Maydl described the condition in 1897, followed by Waldenström in 1909, and then Legg, Calvé, and Perthes in 1910.

5-B. According to the patent holder, Dr. Raymond V. Damadian, a physician and biophysicist at Downstate Medical Center in Brooklyn, the method could distinguish normal from cancerous tissue. He later retracted his 1977 contention that the technique had been used to discover cancer in a living patient. In the early 1980s when the technology became popular, its name was changed to “magnetic resonance imaging” because some patients were frightened by the suggestion of nuclear radiation.