Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity with frontal, sagittal, and axial impairment. The purpose of surgical management is to correct the deformity, obtaining a stable balanced spine and preserving mobile segments of the lumbar spine if possible with the restoration of good clinical alignment in all three planes. Frontal plane correction is no longer difficult to achieve because of technologic improvements of the available instruments; however, sagittal and axial alignment restoration remains difficult to achieve. Direct vertebral rotation is the most effective maneuver for axial deformity correction. Furthermore, indirect vertebral rotation techniques may help improve axial correction while allowing for good sagittal and frontal contours. Vertebral translation in combination with the use of two differently shaped rods is effective in rib hump deformity reduction and kyphosis restoration when performed with frontal plane correction. If used correctly, the differently shaped rod translation technique is a three-dimensional corrective maneuver. This video schematically describes the concept of differently shaped rods translation and direct vertebral rotation for surgical management of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.